Friday, November 30, 2012

Google Acquires Waterloo-Based E-Commerce Startup, Amazon Locker Competitor And YC Graduate BufferBox

BufferBoxOfficialGoogle today announced their acquisition of YC alumni BufferBox, a Waterloo-based startup that specializes in providing users with temporary lockers to receive delivery of packages from online e-commerce retailers. The company is led by a founding team of three University of Waterloo graduates, Mike McCauley, Aditya Bali and Jay Shah. The startup actually already shares a building with Google's Waterloo office, and is located in the Communitech accelerator offices in that city.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Techcrunch/~3/zVUV9aGdKPg/

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Steelers QB Roethlisberger testing hurt shoulder

PITTSBURGH (AP) ? Ben Roethlisberger can hold his newborn son Ben Jr. in his injured right arm just fine, thanks.

When the Pittsburgh Steelers quarterback will be able to say the same about a football, even he's not sure.

Roethlisberger practiced in a limited role Thursday and appears a long shot to return for Sunday's game in Baltimore.

"There's always a chance," Roethlisberger offered somewhat hopefully.

The lengthy list of issues still plaguing Roethlisberger more than two weeks after he sprained his right shoulder and suffered a dislocated rib in a 16-13 overtime win against Kansas City, however, suggests he's still a week away from giving it a go.

Though the pain isn't quite as intense as it was in the days after Kansas City linebacker Tamba Hali drilled Roethlisberger into the soggy Heinz Field turf, the two-time Super Bowl winner can still only sleep in certain positions at night. And while he's tested the shoulder this week, he's uncertain if he can make all the throws necessary to attack Baltimore's secondary.

"Can I put a lot of zip on the ball, throw it really hard before people like Ed Reed and defenders can get to the ball?" Roethlisberger said. "If I can't I'm not putting us in the best situation to win the game."

The Steelers (6-5) have struggled in Roethlisberger's absence, needing overtime to beat the woeful Chiefs before looking listless at times and sloppy at others in losses to Baltimore and Cleveland. A season that looked promising after a 24-20 win over the defending Super Bowl-champion Giants in New Jersey on Nov. 4 is suddenly on very shaky ground.

Still, don't expect Roethlisberger to push too quickly. It's something he's done in the past, with less than desired results. He played on a battered right ankle in San Francisco last year, limping around in a 20-3 loss. He ended up sitting out the next week and wasn't the same when he returned.

"We've had people talk about last year in San Francisco, if I would have rested maybe I would have been better off the next couple games but to me, I live for the here and now," he said. "I'm going to do everything I can to be out there and if it doesn't work then I'll do what I can about the next week."

Offensive coordinator Todd Haley said Roethlisberger threw "a little bit" on Thursday but the team continues to prepare as if Charlie Batch will make his second straight start. Batch completed 20 of 34 passes for 199 yards and three costly interceptions against the Browns, mistakes Haley attributed to rusty timing more than physical ability.

"I don't think there's any limitations to what Chuck can do," Haley said, "or needs to do with the guys we have."

Roethlisberger remains optimistic Batch can muster some of the magic that helped him lead the Steelers to three victories since 2010 while filling in for his good friend.

"I firmly believe that," Roethlisberger said. "They know what he's capable of. He's been doing it a long time. They respect him. I think he's ready to rise to the occasion."

Something the Steelers need to do if they want to build any momentum going into the final quarter of the season. A loss in a place they struggle to play well in ? no matter who is behind the center ? would leave them with no wiggle room whenever Roethlisberger gets back to work.

The game's importance is not lost on Roethlisberger, who will wear "juiced up" pads to protect his shoulder, though doctors have told him the dislocated rib no longer poses a threat to his aorta.

That's welcome news for a guy in the first days of fatherhood. Roethlisberger called being a dad "pretty cool" and while he's enjoyed the time at home, he's also eager to go back to his job. If he doesn't play on Sunday he'll do what he's done the last two weeks and stand on the sideline ? earbuds in place ? and provide the kind of insight Batch has imparted on him so many times though the years.

"It's hard for me," Roethlisberger said. "You watched me during these games. I've been on the field more than most of the coaches because I'm just antsy to get out there."

That anxiousness, however, figures to be around for at least another week.

___

NOTES: While Roethlisberger is doubtful, S Troy Polamalu appears ready to play for the first time since Oct. 7. Polamalu practiced for the second straight day and barring a setback should be on the field in Baltimore. Polamalu has been limited to just five quarters all season due to a strained right calf ... Rookie G David DeCastro continued to make progress in his first week on the active roster after recovering from right knee surgery in August. Haley said he expects DeCastro to make an impact on the field before the end of the season.

___

Follow Will Graves at www.twitter.com/WillGravesAP

___

Online: http://pro32.ap.org/poll and http://twitter.com/AP_NFL

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/steelers-qb-roethlisberger-testing-hurt-shoulder-180006355--nfl.html

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Egypt's Islamists race to approve new constitution

Azza el-Gharf of the Muslim Brotherhood's Freedom and Justice Party, second left, speaks with other members of the assembly during the vote on a final draft of a new Egyptian constitution in Cairo, Egypt, Thursday, Nov. 29, 2012. The assembly, overwhelmingly made up of allies of President Mohammed Morsi, abruptly moved up the vote which hadn't been expected to take place for another two months in order to pass the draft before Egypt's Supreme Constitution Court rules on Sunday on whether to dissolve the panel. (AP Photo/Mohammed Asad)

Azza el-Gharf of the Muslim Brotherhood's Freedom and Justice Party, second left, speaks with other members of the assembly during the vote on a final draft of a new Egyptian constitution in Cairo, Egypt, Thursday, Nov. 29, 2012. The assembly, overwhelmingly made up of allies of President Mohammed Morsi, abruptly moved up the vote which hadn't been expected to take place for another two months in order to pass the draft before Egypt's Supreme Constitution Court rules on Sunday on whether to dissolve the panel. (AP Photo/Mohammed Asad)

The Islamist-dominated panel vote on a final draft of a new Egyptian constitution in Cairo, Egypt, Thursday, Nov. 29, 2012. The assembly, overwhelmingly made up of allies of President Mohammed Morsi, abruptly moved up the vote which hadn't been expected to take place for another two months in order to pass the draft before Egypt's Supreme Constitution Court rules on Sunday on whether to dissolve the panel. (AP Photo/Mohammed Asad)

Members of the constitutional assembly attend a session to vote on a final draft of a new Egyptian constitution in Cairo, Egypt, Thursday, Nov. 29, 2012. An Islamist-dominated panel began a fast-track vote on a final draft of a new Egyptian constitution Thursday, pushing through the document despite liberals' boycott in a move likely to stoke a deepening political crisis between the Islamist president and the opposition.(AP Photo/Mohammed Abu Zaid)

In this Friday, July 13, 2012 photo, Egyptian President Mohammed Morsi holds a joint news conference with Tunisian President Moncef Marzouki, unseen, at the Presidential palace in Cairo, Egypt. Egypt's Islamist president may look like he's running out of options as he faces an appeals court strike and massive opposition protests over decrees granting himself near absolute power. Will he back down now? Most likely not. Mohammed Morsi's next move may be to raise the stakes even higher. Signs are growing the constitutional panel at the heart of the showdown could vote on a draft this week despite a walkout by liberal and Christian members. (AP Photo/Maya Alleruzzo)

(AP) ? Islamists on Thursday rushed to approve a draft constitution for Egypt without the participation of liberal and Christian members, aiming to pre-empt a court ruling that could dissolve their panel and further inflaming the clash between the opposition and President Mohammed Morsi.

The move advances a charter with an Islamist bent that rights experts say could give Muslim clerics oversight over legislation and bring restrictions on freedom of speech, women's rights and other liberties.

The assembly that has been working on the constitution for months raced to pass it in a single marathon session that continued past midnight, with members voting article-by-article on the more than 230-article draft. The lack of inclusion was on display in the nationally televised gathering ? of the 85 members in attendance, there was not a single Christian and only four women, all Islamists. Many of the men wore beards, the hallmark of Muslim conservatives.

For weeks, liberal, secular and Christian members, already a minority on the 100-member panel, have been withdrawing to protest what they call the Islamists' hijacking of the process.

The sudden rush to finish came as the latest twist in a week-long crisis pitting Morsi and his Islamist supporters against a mostly secular and liberal opposition and the powerful judiciary. Voting had not been expected for another two months. But the assembly abruptly moved it up in order to pass the draft before Egypt's Supreme Constitutional Court rules on Sunday on whether to dissolve the panel.

To come into effect, the draft must be passed in a nationwide referendum, which Morsi said Thursday will be held "very soon."

"I am saddened to see this come out while Egypt is so divided," Egypt's top reform leader, Nobel Peace laureate Mohamed ElBaradei said, speaking on private Al-Nahar TV. But he predicted the document would not last long. "It will be part of political folklore and will go to the garbage bin of history."

A new opposition bloc led by ElBaradei and other liberals said the assembly had lost its legitimacy.

"It is trying to impose a constitution monopolized by one trend and is the furthest from national consensus, produced in a farcical way," the National Salvation Front said in a statement, read by Waheed Abdel-Meguid, one of the assembly members who withdrew.

Thursday's vote escalates the already bruising confrontation sparked last week when Morsi gave himself near absolute powers by neutralizing the judiciary, the last branch of the state not in his hands. Morsi banned the courts from dissolving the constitutional assembly or the upper house of parliament and from reviewing his own decisions.

Speaking in an interview on state TV aired late Thursday, Morsi defended his edicts, saying they were a necessary "delicate surgery" needed to get Egypt through a transitional period and end instability he blamed on the lack of a constitution.

"The most important thing of this period is that we finish the constitution, so that we have a parliament under the constitution, elected properly, an independent judiciary, and a president who executes the law," Morsi said.

In a sign of the divisions, protesters camped out in Cairo's Tahrir Square who were watching the interview chanted against Morsi and raised their shoes in the air in contempt.

The president's edict sparked a powerful backlash in one of the worst bouts of turmoil since last year's ouster of autocrat Hosni Mubarak. At least 200,000 people protested in Cairo's Tahrir square earlier this week demanding he rescind the edicts.

Street clashes have already erupted between the two camps the past week, leaving at least two people dead and hundreds wounded. And more violence is possible.

The opposition plans another large protest for Friday, and the Brotherhood has called a similar massive rally for the following day, though they decided to move it from Tahrir to avoid frictions. Bands of youths have been daily battling police on a road leading off the square and close to the U.S. Embassy.

At least three independent daily newspapers are threatening not to issue editions on Tuesday in protest against Morsi's edicts and the rushed constitutional vote, according to the National Committee for the Defense of Freedom of Express, which called for the move.

The Constitutional Court's announcement that it would rule on the legitimacy of the assembly was a direct defiance of Morsi's edicts. It will also rule Sunday on whether to dissolve the upper house of parliament, which is overwhelmingly held by Islamists. Most of the nation's judges are on indefinite strike to protest the edicts.

It is not clear what would happen to the approved draft if the court dissolves the assembly. The crisis could move out of the realm of legal questions and even more into the more volatile street, to be decided by which side can bring the most support.

The opposition is considering whether to call for a boycott of any referendum on the constitution or to try to rally a "no" vote, said Hamdeen Sabahi, a National Salvation Front leader who ran in this year's presidential race and came in a surprisingly strong third.

"The people should not be made to choose between a dictatorial declaration or a constitution that doesn't represent all the people," he told independent ONTV, referring to Morsi's decrees. "He is pushing Egypt to more division and confronation."

During Thursday's session, assembly head Hossam al-Ghiryani doggedly pushed the members to finish. When one article received 16 objections, he pointed out that would require postponing the vote 48 hours under the body's rules. "Now I'm taking the vote again," he said, and all but four members dropped their objections.

"We will teach this constitution to our sons," al-Ghiryani told the gathering.

Islamist members of the panel defended the fast tracking. Hussein Ibrahim of the Brotherhood said the draft reflected thousands of hours of debate over the past six months, including input from liberals before they withdrew.

"People want the constitution because they want stability. Go to villages, to poorer areas, people want stability," he said.

Over the past week, about 30 members have pulled out of the assembly. As Thursday's session began, the assembly held a vote to formally remove 11 of those who withdrew and replace them with reserve members ? who largely belong to the Islamist camp.

As a result, every article passed overwhelmingly. The draft largely reflects the conservative vision of the Islamists, with articles that rights activists, liberals and others fear will lead to restrictions on the rights of women and minorities and on civil liberties in general.

One article that passed underlined that the state will protect "the true nature of the Egyptian family ... and promote its morals and values," phrasing that suggests the state could prevent anything deemed to undermine the family.

The draft says citizens are equal under the law but an article specifically establishing women's equality was dropped because of disputes over the phrasing.

As in past constitutions, the new draft says that the "principles of Islamic law" will be the basis of law.

But a new article states that Egypt's most respected Islamic institution, Al-Azhar, must be consulted on any matters related to Shariah, a measure critics fear will lead to oversight of legislation by clerics.

Another one seeks to define "principles" of Islamic law by pointing to particular theological doctrines. The term "principles" had long been intentionally vague, allowing wide leeway, and specifying its bases could give Islamists leverage to implement and expand the reach of Shariah.

The draft also includes bans on "insulting or defaming all prophets and messengers" or even "insulting humans" ? broad language that analysts warned could be used to crack down on many forms of speech.

The committee has been plagued by controversy from the start. It was created by the first parliament elected after Mubarak's ouster. But a first permutation of the assembly, also Islamist-dominated, was disbanded by the courts. A new one was created just before the lower house of parliament, also Brotherhood-led, was dissolved by the judiciary in June.

___

Associated Press writer Sarah El Deeb contributed to this report.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/cae69a7523db45408eeb2b3a98c0c9c5/Article_2012-11-29-Egypt/id-524e4d191fc5475a8393f6579a69b7d9

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Thursday, November 29, 2012

Palm Springs Fest gives Robert Zemeckis' awards campaign a boost

LOS ANGELES (TheWrap.com) - Robert Zemeckis has been named Director of the Year by the Palm Springs International Film Festival, making the "Flight" director the latest awards hopeful to be honored by one of the two big January film festivals that double as campaign stops on the awards circuit.

The announcement by Palm Springs organizers came one day after the Santa Barbara Film Festival declared "Silver Linings Playbook" star Jennifer Lawrence the Outstanding Performer of the Year.

Palm Springs holds its awards gala on the first Saturday of the new year, which this year falls on January 5, two days after Oscar polls close. Santa Barbara spreads out its awards over a two-week period in late January, after Oscar nominations are announced but before final voting begins.

Both festivals jockey to assemble lineups of probable Oscar nominees, and both are lobbied by Oscar campaigners as they make their selections. The two festivals try to stagger their announcements so as not to compete with each other.

Besides Zemeckis' award, Palm Springs has announced that it will honor Naomi Watts with the Desert Palm Achievement Award for Acting and Helen Hunt with the Spotlight Award.

In addition to Lawrence, Santa Barbara will give its Modern Master Award to Ben Affleck. Robert De Niro will receive the festival's Kirk Douglas Award for Excellence in Film, an honor that is presented at a separate black-tie event in December rather than during the festival.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/palm-springs-fest-gives-robert-zemeckis-awards-campaign-233259922.html

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UK student escapes U.S. extradition in copyright case

LONDON (Reuters) - A British university student who launched a website linking to TV shows and films online for free has reached an agreement to avoid extradition to the US and possible jail over copyright infringement allegations, the High Court heard on Wednesday.

A deal struck on Wednesday means Richard O'Dwyer, the 24-year-old creator of website TVShack, which helped people watch free films but did not host content itself, will travel to the United States to pay a small fine and will not be extradited.

O'Dwyer faced becoming the first Briton to be extradited for such an offence and his lawyers argued he would effectively become a test case for copyright law in the United States.

Wikipedia founder Jimmy Wales launched a petition in June against the possible extradition and called O'Dwyer "the human face of the battle between the content industry and the interests of the general public."

The court heard O'Dwyer, from Sheffield in northern England, is set to go to the United States within two weeks and pledge not to break copyright law again, the Press Association said.

Home Secretary (interior minister) Theresa May agreed to O'Dwyer's surrender after a court ruled in January that his extradition would be lawful.

In October, May blocked the extradition of computer hacker Gary McKinnon on charges of damaging U.S. military systems in a case campaigners said highlighted the unbalanced nature of Britain's extradition treaty with the United States.

(Reporting By Dasha Afanasieva; editing by Jason Webb)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/uk-student-escapes-u-extradition-copyright-case-164540932.html

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We Have To Change College Algebra | Reference and Education ...

To finish a degree, you must have college algebra, that's exactly what most majors think. Every single year a half of million university students take college algebra. This number a good reason for brand new studies with algebra courses - more interest from students can be made, higher success rates can be achieved and students could have better retention rates.Adequate college algebra help is given to the university students nowadays.

Survey Results All kinds of students have a problem with algebra and they need to devote lots of time to complete this class. This can be noticed in popular schools too, the gifted folks are hindered by algebra, not to mention trigonometry and calculus. There are students taking these courses 3 or 4 and even higher number of times to be able to complete the algebra exams. Some of them are seen taking additional college algebra help. The statistics say that 60 percent of students end up getting a bachelor's degree. When we compare algebra grades with the grades in different subjects, we find that we now have much more F's and D's.

Popular Reasons For Choosing Algebra

The fundamental reason why students go for algebra would be to fulfill a college or state requirement. The majority of students take up a standard College Algebra, based upon 1950's curriculum with the aim to prepare them for Calculus. Yet, it is seen that 90% of individuals won't ever take Calculus. Hence the traditional College Algebra along with its content are thought to be irrelevant and are just looked upon as a dreary obstacle to get a college education.

Why Choose A New Approach

If we did not have mathematics, the society would not succeed. We have to study ratios, decimals, rates and build numerical skills. Only a decent grounding in mathematics can hone these abilities. Investment opportunities, animated movies, airfare ticket costs are strengthened by Algebraic algorithms. Young people need to understand how those things work. There's a certain ideology behind the numbers, and algebra allows us to recognize and understand that ideology. The modern day times that we live in are statistical and that requires more informed citizenship. What is essentially needed is a greater comprehension of different numbers. College algebra assistance goes a long distance to fully grasp those book formulas and what they actually convey.

Once we figure out the idea behind these formulations, we are more intellectually proficient and more mindful of our surroundings. Hence, it's easy to understand why MIT or Caltech want each one of us to be proficient in mathematics. Math, applied or pure, is quite essential for the progress of our civilization. In an effort to decrease the ordeal and make algebra more attractive, exciting courses and college algebra help familiarize students with kinds of statistics that summarize our private and public life, whether the sphere is electronic or visual.

The Final Thoughts On College Algebra

The first year of geometry is a requirement for all higher-level math, trigonometry, calculus and algebra II. Students having high-level math course are more prone to do well in college math. Latest survey has found that reading along with math skills are required to work as plumber, electrician and even upholsterer. Algebra is, the portal to success these days. The college students, with a little college algebra help can make successful changeover from solid arithmetic to the symbolic language of algebra.

Source: http://thebesteducationreference.blogspot.com/2012/11/we-have-to-change-college-algebra.html

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Wednesday, November 28, 2012

Robot chef churns out 400 burgers an hour, won't join a union

Momentum Machines
Wimpy from the Popeye cartoons would be pleased.

If you're already worried about robots taking the place of human workers, you're not going to like this: One company hopes to revolutionize the fast-food industry with its robotic burger-maker that can churn?out a gut-busting 400 gourmet burgers an hour.

However, the bot?s efficiency isn't the key to changing the already rosy fortunes of the burger business. Insteadm it?s the machines ability to replace a highly costly (think $9 billion) human workforce. That?s right, this machine is settings its sights on making human burger flippers obsolete?making a not-so-happy meal for some.

San Francisco-based start-up Momentum Machines claims that its robo-chef can handle all the work of the production line, be it chopping fresh vegetables, grilling the patty, or automatically wrapping completed burgers that are ready for waiting customers. If being able to take on the entire production line wasn?t enough, the alpha machine also saves precious space, taking up just 24 square feet.

Momentum Machines

Momentum Machines expects that its automat will allow fast food restaurants to free up more space for customers to eat, and in turn, bring in higher revenues. And its small size could let it work in food trucks and convenience stores, and it could even work as a vending machine.

According to its creator, the burger making appliance will pay for itself within one year, and it probably won?t go and join a union.

One thing?s for sure: You probably won't want to stand at the end of this machine with your mouth hanging open. Unless...

[via Gizmodo]

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Source: http://www.techhive.com/article/2017215/robot-chef-churns-out-400-burgers-an-hour-wont-join-a-union.html

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Galapagos tortoises are a migrating species

Galapagos tortoises are a migrating species [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 27-Nov-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Martin Wikelski
martin@orn.mpg.de
49-773-215-0162
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft

The large, dominant male Galapagos giant tortoises usually start their annual migration at the beginning of the dry season

This press release is available in German.

The Galapagos giant tortoise, one of the most fascinating species of the Galapagos archipelago, treks slowly and untiringly across the volcanic slopes. Scientists of the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology in Radolfzell, together with the Charles Darwin Foundation, have used GPS technology and modern 3D acceleration measurements to find out that especially the dominant male tortoise wanders up to 10 kilometres into the highlands of the island. Only the fully grown animals migrate, the young tortoises stay year round in the lowlands. The reason for this and the question of why the animals don't rest during the dry season are not known yet.

Even Charles Darwin anticipated that the giant tortoises wandered large distances. In the cool dry season, the highlands of Santa Cruz are engulfed in fog which allows the vegetation to grow despite the lack of rain. In the lowlands, however, there is no thick layer of clouds and the tortoises' vegetation is not available year round. Adults, which can weigh up to 250 kilogram, spend the dry season in the higher regions at an elevation of 400 meters above sea level. However, since the food is not as nutritious there, they trek back to the lower zones where there is succulent vegetation in abundance as soon as the rainy season begins.

In order to study the migratory pattern more closely, Stephen Blake from the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology and his colleague Washington Tapia from the Galapagos National Park secured GPS loggers with 3D acceleration monitors onto 17 adult tortoises. This allowed the scientists to determine the animals' exact position and behaviour over a period of two years. In order to gather information on the entire population, the researchers noted the size, sex and location of each tortoise they met on their monthly hikes along the volcanic hillsides. They combined the GPS data with the temperature data and information about availability of vegetation.

The results show that the tortoises have a partial migration system, where not every individual migrates. Only the adult animals wander and only the larger specimens are more likely to move. In June they start their slow, tedious march which can be up to ten kilometres long into the highlands. Adult females remain in the lowlands until they lay their eggs and then they also make their way to the highlands. In contrast, the smaller tortoises stay in the lower elevated areas all year round.

Although giant tortoises are able to survive for up to one year without nourishment, which made them a popular staple for seamen, they nevertheless wander for large distances searching for food as this study shows for the first time. Why don't they just look for a shelter? The question of why the younger animals don't migrate hasn't been answered by the scientists yet. "Either the energy expenditure of this strenuous hike is too high, or there is still enough food available for the smaller animals." Stephen Blake suspects, "perhaps the younger animals can't tolerate the wet cold climate of the higher regions."

In other species, the largest and the most dominant individual does not migrate because it can best defend itself against its competitors. It doesn't have to leave to survive. However, among the Galapagos tortoises, it's usually the largest and most dominant individual which takes on this arduous journey.

Future studies on giant tortoise species of the other Galapagos Islands with varying ecological conditions will show how environment influences the migration scheme of these closely related reptiles. The scientists also want to include factors such as age, size, sex and morphology in their studies to see why the behaviour changes in different lifetime stages and what the trigger of migration is.

Despite the threat of hunting, invasive species such as goats and rats, and the loss of habitat due to man, the Galapagos Tortoise still shows its original migrating behaviour. This and future studies will help to maintain this behaviour with the help of effective measures such as establishing corridors, preserving key habitats, keeping tortoise-friendly roads and maintaining less urban development. Based on its importance to the Galapagos Archipelago ecosystem as an herbivore and seed disperser, the annual migration of the tortoise must be preserved.

###

Original publication

Stephen Blake, Charles Yackulic, Fredy Cabrera, Washington Tapia, James Gibbs, Franz Kmmeth, Martin Wikelski

Vegetation dynamics drive segregation by body size in Galapagos tortoises migrating across altitudinal gradients.

Journal of Animal Ecology, November 20, 2012, JAE-2012-00027.R2


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Galapagos tortoises are a migrating species [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 27-Nov-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Martin Wikelski
martin@orn.mpg.de
49-773-215-0162
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft

The large, dominant male Galapagos giant tortoises usually start their annual migration at the beginning of the dry season

This press release is available in German.

The Galapagos giant tortoise, one of the most fascinating species of the Galapagos archipelago, treks slowly and untiringly across the volcanic slopes. Scientists of the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology in Radolfzell, together with the Charles Darwin Foundation, have used GPS technology and modern 3D acceleration measurements to find out that especially the dominant male tortoise wanders up to 10 kilometres into the highlands of the island. Only the fully grown animals migrate, the young tortoises stay year round in the lowlands. The reason for this and the question of why the animals don't rest during the dry season are not known yet.

Even Charles Darwin anticipated that the giant tortoises wandered large distances. In the cool dry season, the highlands of Santa Cruz are engulfed in fog which allows the vegetation to grow despite the lack of rain. In the lowlands, however, there is no thick layer of clouds and the tortoises' vegetation is not available year round. Adults, which can weigh up to 250 kilogram, spend the dry season in the higher regions at an elevation of 400 meters above sea level. However, since the food is not as nutritious there, they trek back to the lower zones where there is succulent vegetation in abundance as soon as the rainy season begins.

In order to study the migratory pattern more closely, Stephen Blake from the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology and his colleague Washington Tapia from the Galapagos National Park secured GPS loggers with 3D acceleration monitors onto 17 adult tortoises. This allowed the scientists to determine the animals' exact position and behaviour over a period of two years. In order to gather information on the entire population, the researchers noted the size, sex and location of each tortoise they met on their monthly hikes along the volcanic hillsides. They combined the GPS data with the temperature data and information about availability of vegetation.

The results show that the tortoises have a partial migration system, where not every individual migrates. Only the adult animals wander and only the larger specimens are more likely to move. In June they start their slow, tedious march which can be up to ten kilometres long into the highlands. Adult females remain in the lowlands until they lay their eggs and then they also make their way to the highlands. In contrast, the smaller tortoises stay in the lower elevated areas all year round.

Although giant tortoises are able to survive for up to one year without nourishment, which made them a popular staple for seamen, they nevertheless wander for large distances searching for food as this study shows for the first time. Why don't they just look for a shelter? The question of why the younger animals don't migrate hasn't been answered by the scientists yet. "Either the energy expenditure of this strenuous hike is too high, or there is still enough food available for the smaller animals." Stephen Blake suspects, "perhaps the younger animals can't tolerate the wet cold climate of the higher regions."

In other species, the largest and the most dominant individual does not migrate because it can best defend itself against its competitors. It doesn't have to leave to survive. However, among the Galapagos tortoises, it's usually the largest and most dominant individual which takes on this arduous journey.

Future studies on giant tortoise species of the other Galapagos Islands with varying ecological conditions will show how environment influences the migration scheme of these closely related reptiles. The scientists also want to include factors such as age, size, sex and morphology in their studies to see why the behaviour changes in different lifetime stages and what the trigger of migration is.

Despite the threat of hunting, invasive species such as goats and rats, and the loss of habitat due to man, the Galapagos Tortoise still shows its original migrating behaviour. This and future studies will help to maintain this behaviour with the help of effective measures such as establishing corridors, preserving key habitats, keeping tortoise-friendly roads and maintaining less urban development. Based on its importance to the Galapagos Archipelago ecosystem as an herbivore and seed disperser, the annual migration of the tortoise must be preserved.

###

Original publication

Stephen Blake, Charles Yackulic, Fredy Cabrera, Washington Tapia, James Gibbs, Franz Kmmeth, Martin Wikelski

Vegetation dynamics drive segregation by body size in Galapagos tortoises migrating across altitudinal gradients.

Journal of Animal Ecology, November 20, 2012, JAE-2012-00027.R2


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Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-11/m-gta112712.php

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Tuesday, November 27, 2012

Abramovich may buy stake in Norilsk peace plan: sources

MOSCOW (Reuters) - Roman Abramovich, owner of Chelsea soccer club, may step up as a "white knight" minority shareholder to resolve a four-year power struggle at Norilsk Nickel in a deal that would also name the Arctic miner's largest owner Vladimir Potanin chief executive.

Sources close to the talks said good progress was made over the weekend in agreeing terms of the peace deal. Abramovich, a core shareholder in FTSE 100-listed Evraz, would act as a buffer between Potanin and Oleg Deripaska, who also controls a stake in the world's largest nickel and palladium miner, the sources say.

Potanin and Deripaska have been at loggerheads since the latter's Hong Kong-listed aluminum firm RUSAL bought a one-quarter stake in Norilsk just before the 2008 global crash in a cash-and-stock deal worth around $14 billion.

RUSAL is now losing money and burdened by $10.7 billion in net debts, while Deripaska never won a real say on the Norilsk board and instead was overruled by Potanin, who launched a series of share buybacks with the backing of company management.

Deripaska also refused offers by Norilsk to buy back the stake at what would have been a relatively modest loss, infuriating his partners in RUSAL. One, Viktor Vekselberg, quit earlier this year as RUSAL chairman.

Analysts say that movement in the shareholder deadlock at Norilsk may reflect Kremlin concern over an ugly court battle just as Russia's metals and mining sector is struggling with a nasty cyclical downturn.

Were Abramovich to buy the 7 percent stake on offer - worth about $2 billion - that would introduce a shareholder at Norilsk who has a history of good relations with President Vladimir Putin. Abramovich's spokesman declined to comment.

Under the terms of the deal the parties would also agree to increased dividend payouts over the next three years, meeting a demand long pressed by Deripaska. Norilsk currently pays no less than 20-25 percent of earnings to shareholders; one of the sources said that could rise to 50 percent although a second doubted this was possible.

CHANGES AT THE TOP

Both Norilsk and Interros, Potanin's holding company, said the 51-year-old tycoon may replace Vladimir Strzhalkovsky as CEO at Norilsk, a company he first invested in through the loans-for-shares privatizations auctions he orchestrated in the 1990s.

"This scenario is being considered as part of possible agreement," Interros representative Larisa Zelkova told Reuters on Monday.

Norilsk spokeswoman Alisa Fialko said it was too early to say if and when a decision might be taken.

"Strzhalkovsky knows about this scenario of personnel changes. He understands the main shareholder's desire to become head of the company," she said.

Potanin now owns 28 percent of Norilsk, which has a market value of nearly $28 billion. After the buybacks 17 percent of its equity is now held in treasury and the main shareholders have agreed to cancel 10 percent of that by next April.

Two sources familiar with the shareholder discussions said Abramovich may buy the remainder of the treasury stock, equivalent to a 7 percent stake before the stock cancellation and nearly 7.8 percent afterwards.

The two sides want to bridge their differences before a London arbitration court opens hearings next week into a case dating back to 2010 in which Deripaska accuses Interros of reneging on deal to run Norilsk in the interests of all shareholders - although sources say a full agreement is unlikely before then.

Shares in Norilsk fell by 1 percent to 4,632 roubles, extending their year-to-date decline to 6.6 percent. In Hong Kong, RUSAL's shares gained by 2.7 percent to HK$4.62, narrowing their 2012 losses to 6.5 percent.

(Reporting by Polina Devitt; Editing by Douglas Busvine and Sophie Walker)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/abramovich-may-buy-stake-norilsk-peace-plan-sources-100757776--sector.html

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M.I.T. Lab Hatches Ideas, and Companies, by the Dozens

HOW do you take particles in a test tube, or components in a tiny chip, and turn them into a $100 million company?

Dr. Robert Langer, 64, knows how. Since the 1980s, his Langer Lab at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology has spun out companies whose products treat cancer, diabetes, heart disease and schizophrenia, among other diseases, and even thicken hair.

The Langer Lab is on the front lines of turning discoveries made in the lab into a range of drugs and drug delivery systems. Without this kind of technology transfer, the thinking goes, scientific discoveries might well sit on the shelf, stifling innovation.

A chemical engineer by training, Dr. Langer has helped start 25 companies and has 811 patents, issued or pending, to his name. More than 250 companies have licensed or sublicensed Langer Lab patents.

Polaris Venture Partners, a Boston venture capital firm, has invested $220 million in 18 Langer Lab-inspired businesses. Combined, these businesses have improved the health of many millions of people, says Terry McGuire, co-founder of Polaris.

Along the way, Dr. Langer and his lab, including about 60 postdoctoral and graduate students at a time, have found a way to navigate some slippery territory: the intersection of academic research and the commercial market.

Over the last 30 years, many universities ? including M.I.T. ? have set up licensing offices that oversee the transfer of scientific discoveries to companies. These offices have become a major pathway for universities seeking to put their research to practical use, not to mention add to their revenue streams.

In the sciences in particular, technology transfer has become a key way to bring drugs and other treatments to market. ?The model of biomedical innovation relies on research coming out of universities, often funded by public money,? says Josephine Johnston, director of research at the Hastings Center, a bioethics research organization based in Garrison, N.Y.

Just a few of the products that have emerged from the Langer Lab are a small wafer that delivers a dose of chemotherapy used to treat brain cancer; sugar-sequencing tools that can be used to create new drugs like safer and more effective blood thinners; and a miniaturized chip (a form of nanotechnology) that can test for diseases.

The chemotherapy wafer, called the Gliadel, is licensed by Eisai Inc. The company behind the sugar-sequencing tools, Momenta Pharmaceuticals, raised $28.4 million in an initial public offering in 2004. The miniaturized chip is made by T2Biosystems, ?which completed a $23 million round of financing in the summer of 2011.

?It?s inconvenient to have to send things to a lab,? so the company is trying to develop more sophisticated methods, says Dr. Ralph Weissleder, a co-founder, with Dr. Langer and others, of T2Biosystems and a professor at Harvard Medical School.

FOR Dr. Langer, starting a company is not the same as it was, say, for Mark Zuckerberg with Facebook. ?Bob is not consumed with any one company,? says H. Kent Bowen, an emeritus professor of business administration at Harvard Business School who wrote a case study on the Langer Lab. ?His mission is to create the idea.?

Dr. Bowen observes that there are many other academic laboratories, including highly productive ones, but that the Langer Lab?s combination of people, spun-out companies and publications sets it apart. He says Dr. Langer ?walks into the great unknown and then makes these discoveries.?

Dr. Langer is well known for his mentoring abilities. He is ?notorious for replying to e-mail in two minutes, whether it?s a lowly graduate school student or the president of the United States,? says Paulina Hill, who worked in his lab from 2009 to 2011 and is now a senior associate at Polaris Venture Partners. (According to Dr. Langer, he has corresponded directly with President Obama about stem cell research and federal funds for the sciences.)

Dr. Langer says he looks at his students ?as an extended family,? adding that ?I really want them to do well.?

And they have, whether in business or in academia, or a combination of the two. One former student, Ram Sasisekharan, helped found Momenta and now runs his own lab at M.I.T. Ganesh Venkataraman Kaundinya is Momenta?s chief scientific officer and senior vice president for research.

Hongming Chen is vice president of research at Kala Pharmaceuticals. Howard Bernstein is chief scientific officer at Seventh Sense Biosystems, a blood-testing company. Still others have taken jobs in the law or in government.

Dr. Langer says he spends about eight hours a week working on companies that come out of his lab. Of the 25 that he helped start, he serves on the boards of 12 and is an informal adviser to 4. All of his entrepreneurial activity, which includes some equity stakes, has made him a millionaire. But he says he is mainly motivated by a desire to improve people?s health.

Operating from the sixth floor of the David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research on the M.I.T. campus in Cambridge, Mass., Dr. Langer?s lab has a research budget of more than $10 million for 2012, coming mostly from federal sources.

The research in labs like Dr. Langer?s is eyed closely by pharmaceutical companies. While drug companies employ huge research and development teams, they may not be as freewheeling and nimble, Dr. Langer says. The basis for many long-range discoveries has ?come out of academia, including gene therapy, gene sequencing and tissue engineering,? he says.

He has served as a consultant to pharmaceutical companies. Their large size, he says, can end up being an impediment.

?Very often when you are going for real innovation,? he says, ?you have to go against prevailing wisdom, and it?s hard to go against prevailing wisdom when there are people who have been there for a long time and you have some vice president who says, ?No, that doesn?t make sense.???

Pharmaceutical companies are eager to tap into the talent at leading research universities. In 2008, for example, Washington University in St. Louis announced a $25 million pact with Pfizer to collaborate more closely on biomedical research.

But in some situations, the close ? critics might say cozy ? ties between business and academia have the potential to create conflicts of interest.

There was a controversy earlier this year when it was revealed that the president of the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center owned stock in Aveo Oncology, which had announced earlier that the university would be leading clinical trials of one of its cancer drugs. ?Last month, the University of Texas announced that he would be allowed to keep his ties with three pharmaceutical companies, including Aveo Oncology; his holdings will be placed in a blind trust.

This article has been revised to reflect the following correction:

Correction: November 26, 2012

An earlier version of this article said that Dr. Robert Langer, with 811 patents, issued or pending,? was not far behind Thomas Edison?s total of 1,093 patents. The 811 is a global figure. Globally, Edison held more than 2,300 patents; 1,093 was his United States total.?

Source: http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/25/business/mit-lab-hatches-ideas-and-companies-by-the-dozens.html?partner=rss&emc=rss

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Navy moves ahead to replace presidential helicopters

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - The U.S. Navy is moving forward with a long-delayed effort to replace the aging fleet of Marine One helicopters that transport the U.S. president, with the first of the new aircraft slated to enter service in 2020.

The Navy's last attempt to buy a new presidential helicopter ended in 2009, when then-Defense Secretary Robert Gates cancelled a program run by Lockheed Martin Corp after numerous requirement changes threatened to double the cost of the program to more than $13 billion.

On Friday, the Navy issued a draft request for proposals that maps out its plan to buy 25 new helicopters, giving companies until December 5 to respond. It also invited bidders to an unclassified conference to be held the week of December 10, when government officials will answer questions about the proposed terms of the competition.

This time, Lockheed Martin is paired with Sikorsky Aircraft, a unit of United Technologies Corp, offering Sikorsky's S-92 helicopter.

Lockheed's partner on the previous program, Finmeccanica SpA unit AgustaWestland, has teamed up with Northrop Grumman Corp, to submit a possible bid based on AgustaWestland 101 helicopter.

Boeing Co said it is also studying a possible bid based on its H-47 Chinook helicopter or the V-22 Osprey tilt-rotor aircraft that it builds with Textron Inc's Bell Helicopter unit.

The current presidential helicopters are VH-60N "Night Hawks" and VH-3D "Sea Kings," both built by Sikorsky. The fleet is operated by the Marine Corps, but the acquisition program is overseen by the Navy.

In the draft request, which was posted to a federal procurement website on November 23, the Navy said its acquisition plan aimed to integrate mature communications equipment into an existing aircraft. It said it expected to issue a final draft request for proposals in March 2013 and award an initial engineering and design contract by mid-2014.

"We're pursuing a technically viable and cost-effective aircraft to replace the current presidential helicopters," said Navy spokeswoman Kelly Burdick. "No PowerPoint planes."

Captain Cate Mueller, another Navy spokeswoman, said the Navy planned to award a fixed-price contract with an incentive fee for the development program, moving to fixed-price terms for low rate initial production and full production.

She said the new program was structured to emphasize "affordability, cost control and risk reduction in balance with system performance," before any major contracts are awarded.

The Navy included $1.85 billion for the program in its budget request for fiscal 2013 through 2017, with funding to increase $61.2 million the first year to $687.7 million in fiscal 2017.

The Navy's new procurement program comes as weapons companies brace for additional cuts in defense spending, regardless of whether Congress is able to avert $500 billion in reductions that are due to start taking effect in January.

Congressional aides said the Navy's plan to slowly ramp up funding for the program could ensure its survival, even if some additional cuts are imposed on the Pentagon as part of a compromise to avoid the full brunt of the cuts now planned.

Burdick said the first helicopters built under the previous Lockheed program were sold to Canada, while some additional parts were sold to Denmark.

It was not immediately clear how much money was raised by the sales, but the Navy had planned to use the funds to defray the termination costs it owed Lockheed for cancelling the program.

(Reporting By Andrea Shalal-Esa; Editing by Bernard Orr)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/navy-moves-ahead-replace-presidential-helicopters-235623347--finance.html

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Health and fitness Troy Polamalu Jersey Tips Certain To Change ...

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Water Your Dreams With Optimism ? The Positive Pear

?Be careful what you water your dreams with. Water them with worry and fear and you will produce weeds that choke the life from your dream. Water them with optimism and solutions and you will cultivate success. Always be on the lookout for ways to turn a problem into an opportunity for success. Always be on the lookout for ways to nurture your dream.? ?~Lao Tzu~

Like this:

Be the first to like this.

Source: http://thepositivepear.com/2012/11/26/water-your-dreams-with-optimism/

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Monday, November 26, 2012

??????????? ?????????? ???????????? SMEG FAB28 Denim ...

?????????? ???????, 18:17

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Source: http://forums.ferra.ru/index.php?showtopic=53143

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ADK= Membership Application for MarineRecon - ADK= Gaming ...

New Member Recruitment Application

Name: Kebule_Draga
Form: =ADK= Membership Recruitment

Quote

In-Game Name: MarineRecon
Real Name: Emilio Lopez-Centellas
Age: 26
Gender: Male
How did you find us?: Planet Side 2
Referrer: TheLazyEngineer
Team Speak 3: Yes
Gaming Time: I spend roughly 2 hours a night on the weekdays. Weekends are different because I am a contractor and may or may not have work.
Competitive Gaming?: Yes
Introduction Thread: No
What can you bring to =ADK=: I enjoy working with teammates using voice chat to accomplish goals. I play for the fun of it. I am not one to get upset or emotional with games.??
What does =ADK= Mean To You?: It gives me a chance to share my time with people who have similar interests that enjoy community gaming. Plus being part of something bigger is always fun.
Why do you want to be a part of =ADK=: I met some of your comrades on PS2 and I like the fact that you are well organized and skilled with the game.
Wearing the =ADK= Tag: Yes
Willing to help populate servers: Yes
Ranks and Roles: Yes
Do you agree to the membership terms?: Yes


Source: http://www.adkgamers.com/topic/20205-adk-membership-application-for-marinerecon/

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Sunday, November 25, 2012

lijansharma: kudals: molina anvil: Reference and Education: Proper ...

Becoming an electrician starts with getting the right schooling. One can start quite early, even in High School. Many vocational programs in secondary schools have an electrical program. Following High School graduation, one can enter a program at a college to further their learning. Community colleges often have excellent trades program, including electrical. In addition to their typical general education courses like math and English, students will take practical courses where they learn both the science behind the trade and also get to apply and learn new skills in hands-on work. If one desires to learn more about the scientific end of things, they can attend a four year college that offers advanced programs like electrical engineering or similar majors. Community colleges are great because they offer students practical experience.

One can also do some extra work on their own to increase their skills and education. It is a great idea to find an experienced individual who works in the field and get close to them. An experienced worker can offer electrician training in the form of an apprenticeship or might be able to hire a student to work for them. They can also share the pros and cons of the industry, as well as stories from on the job. This will give the young student a better idea of what daily life is like as an electrical worker, and help them decide if this is really the field that they want to devote their life to. Working with a professional can help one meet others in the field and perhaps potential future customers. The pro may also have some suggestions for training programs or courses that the aspiring electrician can take advantage of. They can serve as a reference for the student's resume.

Before one can be successful in industry, they must have to proper education and training. Fortunately, budding electrical workers have many options to help them reach their goals and better themselves.

Source: http://iscussnisa.blogspot.com/2012/11/proper-electrician-training-and.html

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Networking Will Benefit Your web Home Business We sometimes ...

Articles From Home | Business | Networking > burberry outletEnd of Main Content >

Networking Will Benefit Your web Home Business
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If you invite people to email you against your site, a commercial or an auto responder email then a minimum of have a couple of minutes to create a good reply to them. Don?t place you reputation at risk by writing short and abrupt emails. Where this straightforward task could lead you, you won?t ever know.

A FAQ (Faq?s) section in your website will truly help visitors, however, they might email you for additional online home based business information which is where you need to offer honest advice and respond to the best of your ability.

Networking could certainly benefit your web home based business in the future if you implement these ideas on how to communicate and network with your readers.Cynthia Minnaar

Cynthia Minnaar runs her very own Online Home based business ideas website full-time from home. She invites you to definitely sign up for her online for free Businesses Newsletter and receive free internet income training

Source: http://tangliping55.smansara.com/2012/11/23/networking-will-benefit-your-web-home-businesswe-sometimes-forget-about-the-little-things-that-actually-matter/

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Saturday, November 24, 2012

Twin Epidemics: Childhood Obesity and Diabetes

Keshorn Walcott (in red)

In the realm of childhood obesity research, one of the big perplexing mysteries is the relationship between childhood obesity and diabetes. What exactly is going on there? How do cause and effect apply? Is it a vicious cycle? Take the United States. ?Dramatic increases? is the term used by Reuters correspondent Julie Steenhuysen to describe the change in the number of diabetes cases. She writes:

According to a study released on Thursday by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the number of diagnosed cases of diabetes grew by 50 percent or more in 42 U.S. states, and by 100 percent or more in 18 states.

When something grows by 100%, attention must be paid, because 100% growth means it has doubled. There are 18 states where the number of diagnosed diabetes patients has become twice as large in the time period concerned, which was between 1995 and 2010.

But it?s almost 2013, a person might unthinkingly protest. What about now? And there lies one of the real obstacles to making correlations between two different trends, or to any question in epidemiology and many other related fields. It takes time to gather information, and more time to crunch the numbers and make conclusions.

Among all the questions, one thing is clear. The very large majority of diabetes is Type 2. The CDC finds that at least 90% of diabetes cases, and maybe as many as 95%, were preventable. Think back to the plague epidemic in the Middle Ages. If people knew they could, with 90-95% certainty, avoid catching the plague, wouldn?t they have preserved their lives by doing whatever was necessary to prevent it? Of course they would have. Look how hard they tried, making pilgrimages on their knees to shrines, and wearing beaky masks.

Apparently, contemporary Americans are not even as smart as pre-industrial-age peasants. We have an epidemic going on that is preventable in all but 5% to 10% of cases. Why? Is it, as Dr. Pretlow believes, the addictiveness of processed foods and the tendency of human beings to become addicted? If so, some of the important questions in both diabetes and obesity are about addiction. What can help people recover?(link is PDF) from it, and, more importantly, what causes it? Steenhuysen quotes Ann Albright, a CDC director:

These rates will continue to increase until effective interventions and policies are implemented to prevent both diabetes and obesity.

But what are those interventions and policies? Everyone is looking for them. Here are the words of Larry Romany, president of the Trinidad and Tobago Olympic Committee (T&TOC):

We want to assess what would happen to children exposed to high levels of obesity. We are looking at data collection. Important data would help develop the sporting landscape from the cradle to the womb. We felt there was the need for a timely intervention to alleviate childhood diabetes, high blood pressure and even low self-esteem.

In the Caribbean republic, plans are afoot for a program featuring the country?s own celebrated javelin thrower, Keshorn Walcott, and other elite athletes who recently won prizes during London?s Olympic Games. Michelle Loubon wrote about this projected campaign, which is designed to sensitize children and youth about the consequences of obesity, such as diabetes and high blood pressure.

Along with the T&TOC, other partners in the project are the Trinidad and Tobago Ministry of Education, and Johns Hopkins, which will evaluate the data and assist in developing protocols. While the American medical school has broader priorities, the people of Trinidad and Tobago specifically want to send more champions to the future Olympics.

Your responses and feedback are welcome!

Source: ?Big rise in Americans with diabetes, especially in South,? Reuters, 11/15/12
Source: ?Keshorn to lead campaign to fight diabetes among kids,? The Trinidad Guardian, 11/11/12
Image by Tab59.

Source: http://childhoodobesitynews.com/2012/11/23/twin-epidemics-childhood-obesity-and-diabetes/

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